Read a more detailed account of the early days of dialysis
Table showing important milestones. Links from the tables are mostly to our own pages. Here is a selection of external resources
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Milestones in the development of modern haemodialysis |
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| 1861 | The process of dialysis was first described by Thomas Graham (Glasgow) – More |
| 1913 | Artificial kidney developed – John Abel (Baltimore) – More |
| 1924 | First human dialysis – George Haas (Giessen) – More |
| 1943 | Rotating drum dialyzer – Kolff and Berk (Kampen) – the first practical dialyser – More |
| 1946 | Coil dialyzers – George Murray (Canada), Nils Alwall (Sweden; more) |
| 1946-7 | First dialyses in Britain – Bywaters and Joekes (Hammersmith); Darmady (Portsmouth) |
| 1948 | Kolff-Brigham machine. As used in the Korean war for acute renal failure |
| 1955 | Twin coil dialyzer – Watschinger and Kolff – More |
| 1956-7 | Dialysis recommenced in the UK in Leeds (Parsons), London (Shackman) and RAF Halton (Jackson) – Report from Edinburgh on these centres in 1958 |
| 1960 | Kiil dialyzer (Oslo) – Picture |
| 1960 | Scribner shunt (Seattle) – More |
| 1960 | Clyde Shields (d1971), Harvey Gentry (d1987) commenced haemodialysis in Seattle – the first long-term dialysis patients – Read a contemporary account |
| 1961 | Dialysis using a domestic washing machine (later leading to the Maytag program in Cleveland; Nose, Japan) – More |
| 1964 | Home dialysis introduced by Shaldon (London), Scribner (Seattle), Merrill (Boston) – More |
| 1965 | Hepatitis outbreaks in the UK – More – hepatitis in Edinburgh, 1969 |
| 1966 | Internal AV fistula developed – Brescia, Cimino (New York) – More |
| 1972 | Aluminium toxicity – More |
| 1975 | Haemofiltration introduced (Henderson, Quellhorst) |
| 1977 | Continuous arteriovenous haemofiltration described |
| 1981 | Dialysis-related amyloidosis described |
| 1986 | Recombinant erythropoietin introduced |